Results for 'L. T. Evans'

957 found
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  1.  57
    Darwin's use of the analogy between artificial and natural selection.L. T. Evans - 1984 - Journal of the History of Biology 17 (1):113-140.
    The central role played by Darwin's analogy between selection under domestication and that under nature has been adequately appreciated, but I have indicated how important the domesticated organisms also were to other elements of Darwin's theory of evolution-his recognition of “the constant principle of change,” for instance, of the imperfection of adaptation, and of the extent of variation in nature. The further development of his theory and its presentation to the public likewise hinged on frequent reference to domesticates.We have seen (...)
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  2. Science of science.S. Fortunato, K. Börner, D. Helbing, S. Milojević, F. Radicchi, R. Sinatra, B. Uzzi, A. Vespignani, L. Waltman, D. Wang, A. -L. Barabási, C. T. Bergstrom, J. A. Evans & A. M. Peterson - 2018 - Science 359 (6379):doi:10.1126/science.aao0185.
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  3.  69
    Operator Derivation of the Gauge-Invariant Proca and Lehnert Equations; Elimination of the Lorenz Condition.P. K. Anastasovski, T. E. Bearden, C. Ciubotariu, W. T. Coffey, L. B. Crowell, G. J. Evans, M. W. Evans, R. Flower, A. Labounsky, B. Lehnert, P. R. Molnár, S. Roy & J. P. Vigier - 2000 - Foundations of Physics 30 (7):1123-1129.
    Using covariant derivatives and the operator definitions of quantum mechanics, gauge invariant Proca and Lehnert equations are derived and the Lorenz condition is eliminated in U(1) invariant electrodynamics. It is shown that the structure of the gauge invariant Lehnert equation is the same in an O(3) invariant theory of electrodynamics.
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  4. The uncertainty of the surgical margin in the treatment of head and neck cancer.T. Upile, C. Fisher, W. Jerjes, M. El Maaytah, A. Searle, D. Archer, L. Michaels, P. Rhys-Evans, C. Hopper, D. Howard & A. Wright - unknown
    We discuss our surgical philosophy concerning the subtle interplay between the size of the surgical margin taken and the resultant morbidity from ablative oncological. procedures, which is ever more evident in the treatment of head and neck malignancy. The extent of tissue resection is determined by the "trade off" between cancer control and the perioperative, functional and aesthetic morbidity and mortality of the surgery. We also discuss our dilemmas concerning recent minimally invasive endoscopic microsurgical. techniques for the trans-oral laser removal. (...)
     
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  5.  82
    Introduction: Sharing Data in a Medical Information Commons.Amy L. McGuire, Mary A. Majumder, Angela G. Villanueva, Jessica Bardill, Juli M. Bollinger, Eric Boerwinkle, Tania Bubela, Patricia A. Deverka, Barbara J. Evans, Nanibaa' A. Garrison, David Glazer, Melissa M. Goldstein, Henry T. Greely, Scott D. Kahn, Bartha M. Knoppers, Barbara A. Koenig, J. Mark Lambright, John E. Mattison, Christopher O'Donnell, Arti K. Rai, Laura L. Rodriguez, Tania Simoncelli, Sharon F. Terry, Adrian M. Thorogood, Michael S. Watson, John T. Wilbanks & Robert Cook-Deegan - 2019 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 47 (1):12-20.
    Drawing on a landscape analysis of existing data-sharing initiatives, in-depth interviews with expert stakeholders, and public deliberations with community advisory panels across the U.S., we describe features of the evolving medical information commons. We identify participant-centricity and trustworthiness as the most important features of an MIC and discuss the implications for those seeking to create a sustainable, useful, and widely available collection of linked resources for research and other purposes.
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  6.  21
    Awkward Choreographies from Cancer's Margins: Incommensurabilities of Biographical and Biomedical Knowledge in Sexual and/or Gender Minority Cancer Patients’ Treatment.Mary K. Bryson, Evan T. Taylor, Lorna Boschman, Tae L. Hart, Jacqueline Gahagan, Genevieve Rail & Janice Ristock - 2020 - Journal of Medical Humanities 41 (3):341-361.
    Canadian and American population-based research concerning sexual and/or gender minority populations provides evidence of persistent breast and gynecologic cancer-related health disparities and knowledge divides. The Cancer's Margins research investigates the complex intersections of sexual and/or gender marginality and incommensurabilities and improvisation in engagements with biographical and biomedical cancer knowledge. The study examines how sexuality and gender are intersectionally constitutive of complex biopolitical mappings of cancer health knowledge that shape knowledge access and its mobilization in health and treatment decision-making. Interviews were (...)
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  7.  43
    Returning Individual Research Results from Digital Phenotyping in Psychiatry.Francis X. Shen, Matthew L. Baum, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Adam S. Miner, Melissa Abraham, Catherine A. Brownstein, Nathan Cortez, Barbara J. Evans, Laura T. Germine, David C. Glahn, Christine Grady, Ingrid A. Holm, Elisa A. Hurley, Sara Kimble, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Kimberlyn Leary, Mason Marks, Patrick J. Monette, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, P. Pearl O’Rourke, Scott L. Rauch, Carmel Shachar, Srijan Sen, Ipsit Vahia, Jason L. Vassy, Justin T. Baker, Barbara E. Bierer & Benjamin C. Silverman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (2):69-90.
    Psychiatry is rapidly adopting digital phenotyping and artificial intelligence/machine learning tools to study mental illness based on tracking participants’ locations, online activity, phone and text message usage, heart rate, sleep, physical activity, and more. Existing ethical frameworks for return of individual research results (IRRs) are inadequate to guide researchers for when, if, and how to return this unprecedented number of potentially sensitive results about each participant’s real-world behavior. To address this gap, we convened an interdisciplinary expert working group, supported by (...)
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  8.  45
    The source of belief bias effects in syllogistic reasoning.Stephen E. Newstead, Paul Pollard, Jonathan StB. T. Evans & Julie L. Allen - 1992 - Cognition 45 (3):257-284.
  9.  47
    Unregulated Health Research Using Mobile Devices: Ethical Considerations and Policy Recommendations.Mark A. Rothstein, John T. Wilbanks, Laura M. Beskow, Kathleen M. Brelsford, Kyle B. Brothers, Megan Doerr, Barbara J. Evans, Catherine M. Hammack-Aviran, Michelle L. McGowan & Stacey A. Tovino - 2020 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 48 (S1):196-226.
    Mobile devices with health apps, direct-to-consumer genetic testing, crowd-sourced information, and other data sources have enabled research by new classes of researchers. Independent researchers, citizen scientists, patient-directed researchers, self-experimenters, and others are not covered by federal research regulations because they are not recipients of federal financial assistance or conducting research in anticipation of a submission to the FDA for approval of a new drug or medical device. This article addresses the difficult policy challenge of promoting the welfare and interests of (...)
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  10.  47
    The source of belief bias effects in syllogistic reasoning.Stephen E. Newstead, Paul Pollard, Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Julie L. Allen - 1992 - Cognition 45 (3):257-284.
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  11.  80
    Cardiovascular and nervous system changes during meditation.Steven R. Steinhubl, Nathan E. Wineinger, Sheila Patel, Debra L. Boeldt, Geoffrey Mackellar, Valencia Porter, Jacob T. Redmond, Evan D. Muse, Laura Nicholson, Deepak Chopra & Eric J. Topol - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  12.  23
    Active coping strategies and less pre-pandemic alcohol use relate to college student mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.Elisabeth Akeman, Mallory J. Cannon, Namik Kirlic, Kelly T. Cosgrove, Danielle C. DeVille, Timothy J. McDermott, Evan J. White, Zsofia P. Cohen, K. L. Forthman, Martin P. Paulus & Robin L. Aupperle - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    ObjectiveTo further delineate risk and resilience factors contributing to trajectories of mental health symptoms experienced by college students through the pandemic.Participantsn = 183 college students.MethodsLinear mixed models examined time effects on depression and anxiety. Propensity-matched subgroups exhibiting “increased” versus “low and stable” depression symptoms from before to after the pandemic-onset were compared on pre-pandemic demographic and psychological factors and COVID-related experiences and coping strategies.ResultsStudents experienced worsening of mental health symptoms throughout the pandemic, particularly during Fall 2020 compared with Fall 2019. (...)
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  13.  44
    Book Reviews Section 2.Arthur J. Newman, C. M. Charles, Norman L. Thompson, Margaret C. Wang, Evans L. Anderson, Richard L. Poole, Henry R. Fea, Patricia T. Botkin, Barry J. Zimmerman, Christopher J. Lucas, Pamela Fulton, Francesco Cordasco, E. D. Duryea, Ayers Bagley & Dick Hopkins - 1973 - Educational Studies 4 (3):145-155.
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  14.  75
    Critical periods after stroke study: translating animal stroke recovery experiments into a clinical trial.Alexander W. Dromerick, Matthew A. Edwardson, Dorothy F. Edwards, Margot L. Giannetti, Jessica Barth, Kathaleen P. Brady, Evan Chan, Ming T. Tan, Irfan Tamboli, Ruth Chia, Michael Orquiza, Robert M. Padilla, Amrita K. Cheema, Mark E. Mapstone, Massimo S. Fiandaca, Howard J. Federoff & Elissa L. Newport - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  15.  28
    Finding middle ground: negotiating university and tribal community interests in community‐based participatory research.Selina A. Mohammed, Karina L. Walters, June LaMarr, Teresa Evans-Campbell & Sheryl Fryberg - 2012 - Nursing Inquiry 19 (2):116-127.
    MOHAMMED SA, WALTERS KL, LAMARR J, EVANS‐CAMPBELL T and FRYBERG S. Nursing Inquiry 2012; 19: 116–127 [Epub ahead of print]Finding middle ground: negotiating university and tribal community interests in community‐based participatory researchCommunity‐based participatory research (CBPR) has been hailed as an alternative approach to one‐sided research endeavors that have traditionally been conducted on communities as opposed to with them. Although CBPR engenders numerous relationship strengths, through its emphasis on co‐sharing, mutual benefit, and community capacity building, it is often challenging as (...)
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  16.  66
    The God of Metaphysics, by T. L. S. Sprigge.: Book Reviews. [REVIEW]C. Stephen Evans - 2010 - Mind 119 (475):860-864.
    (No abstract is available for this citation).
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  17.  26
    Disparities in Diffuse Cortical White Matter Integrity Between Socioeconomic Groups.Danielle Shaked, Daniel K. Leibel, Leslie I. Katzel, Christos Davatzikos, Rao P. Gullapalli, Stephen L. Seliger, Guray Erus, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman & Shari R. Waldstein - 2019 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13:456976.
    There is a growing literature demonstrating a link between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and poorer neuroanatomical health, such as smaller total and regional gray and white matter volumes, as well as greater white matter lesion volumes. Little is known, however, about the relation between SES and white matter integrity. Here we examined the relation between SES and white matter integrity of the brain’s primary cortical regions, and evaluated potential moderating influences of age and self-identified race. Participants were 192 neurologically intact, (...)
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  18. Engels, F. 71 Esteban, R 79 Etzioni, A. 189,266 Evan, W M. 259 Fastow, A. 167,168.Thomas Aquinas, J. E. Aubert, Urs Novartis Baerlocher, Bai Xincai, P. Baldinger, Bao Zonghao, T. L. Beauchamp, G. S. Becker, D. Bell & G. Benston - 2006 - In Xiaohe Lu & Georges Enderle, Developing business ethics in China. New York: Palgrave-Macmillan.
     
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  19. Two types of donkey sentences.Lisa L. S. Cheng & C. T. James Huang - 1996 - Natural Language Semantics 4 (2):121-163.
    Mandarin Chinese exhibits two paradigms of conditionals with indefinite wh-words that have the semantics of donkey sentences, represented by ‘bare conditionals’ on the one hand and ruguo- and dou-conditionals on the other. The bare conditionals require multiple occurrences of wh-words, disallowing the use of overt or covert anaphoric elements in the consequent clause, whereas the ruguo- and dou-conditionals present a completely opposite pattern. We argue that the bare conditionals are cases of unselective binding par excellence (Heim 1982, Kamp 1981) while (...)
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  20.  67
    Problem-solving Strategies and Expertise in Engineering Design.Linden J. Ball, Jonathan StB. T. Evans, Ian Dennis & Thomas C. Ormerod - 1997 - Thinking and Reasoning 3 (4):247-270.
    A study is reported which focused on the problem-solving strategies employed by expert electronics engineers pursuing a real-world task: integrated-circuit design. Verbal protocol data were analysed so as to reveal aspects of the organisation and sequencing of ongoing design activity. These analyses indicated that the designers were implementing a highly systematic solution-development strategy which deviated only a small degree from a normatively optimal top-down and breadth-first method. Although some of the observed deviation could be described as opportunistic in nature, much (...)
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  21. Free will in a mechanistic universe?P. T. Landsberg & D. A. Evans - 1970 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 21 (4):343-358.
  22.  57
    Autism and performance on the suppression task: Reasoning, context and complexity.Rebecca McKenzie, Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Simon J. Handley - 2011 - Thinking and Reasoning 17 (2):182 - 196.
  23.  12
    Observations on the oxygen solubility and magnetic susceptibility of body-centred cubic transition metal alloys.R. T. Bryant & E. W. Evans - 1961 - Philosophical Magazine 6 (66):805-805.
  24.  42
    Toward a Metacognitive Account of Cognitive Offloading.Timothy L. Dunn & Evan F. Risko - 2016 - Cognitive Science 40 (5):1080-1127.
    Individuals frequently make use of the body and environment when engaged in a cognitive task. For example, individuals will often spontaneously physically rotate when faced with rotated objects, such as an array of words, to putatively offload the performance costs associated with stimulus rotation. We looked to further examine this idea by independently manipulating the costs associated with both word rotation and array frame rotation. Surprisingly, we found that individuals’ patterns of spontaneous physical rotations did not follow patterns of performance (...)
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  25. Musgrove. Conditional tea. son—ing with inducements and advice.Jonathan St B. T. Evans&Joanna Twyman - 1998 - Cognition 69:B1.
     
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  26.  24
    Young Children with ASD Use Lexical and Referential Information During On-line Sentence Processing.Edith L. Bavin, Evan Kidd, Luke A. Prendergast & Emma K. Baker - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
  27.  27
    Reasoning, Rationality and Dual Processes: Selected Works of Jonathan St B T Evans.Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2013 - Psychology Press.
    In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts themselves present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces - extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major theoretical and practical contributions. Jonathan St B T Evans is amongst the foremost cognitive psychologists of his generation, having been influential in spearheading developments in the psychological study of reasoning from its very beginnings in the 1970s up to the present day. This volume of self-selected (...)
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  28.  38
    Tao, the Great Luminant: Essays from Huai Nan Tzu with Introductory Articles, Notes, Analyses.R. L. Backus & Evan Morgan - 1970 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 90 (2):415.
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  29.  24
    Facial expressions of authenticity: Emotion variability increases judgments of trustworthiness and leadership.Michael L. Slepian & Evan W. Carr - 2019 - Cognition 183 (C):82-98.
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  30.  67
    Separating a and W effects: Pointing to targets on computer displays.Christine L. MacKenzie & Evan D. Graham - 1997 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (2):316-318.
    We address two main issues: the distinction between time-constrained and spatially constrained tasks, and the separable A and W effects on movement time (MT) in spatially-constrained tasks. We consider MT and 3-D kinematic data from human adults pointing to targets in human-computer interaction. These are better fit by Welford's (1968) two-part model, than Fitts' (1954; Fitts & Peterson 1964) ID model. We identify theoretical and practical implications.
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  31.  81
    Visual search in scenes involves selective and nonselective pathways.Jeremy M. Wolfe, Melissa L.-H. Võ, Karla K. Evans & Michelle R. Greene - 2011 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 15 (2):77-84.
  32. A Diamond-Based Electrode for Detection of Neurochemicals in the Human Brain.Kevin E. Bennet, Jonathan R. Tomshine, Hoon-Ki Min, Felicia S. Manciu, Michael P. Marsh, Seungleal B. Paek, Megan L. Settell, Evan N. Nicolai, Charles D. Blaha, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Su-Youne Chang & Kendall H. Lee - 2016 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 10.
  33.  97
    Bias in Human Reasoning: Causes and Consequences.Jonathan St B. T. Evans (ed.) - 1990 - Psychology Press.
    This book represents the first major attempt by any author to provide an integrated account of the evidence for bias in human reasoning across a wide range of disparate psychological literatures. The topics discussed involve both deductive and inductive reasoning as well as statistical judgement and inference. In addition, the author proposes a general theoretical approach to the explanations of bias and considers the practical implications for real world decision making. The theoretical stance of the book is based on a (...)
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  34.  47
    Rationality and Intelligence.J. St B. T. Evans - 1987 - British Journal of Educational Studies 35 (1):74-76.
  35. In two minds: dual-process accounts of reasoning.Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2003 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 (10):454-459.
  36.  82
    Reflections on reflection: the nature and function of type 2 processes in dual-process theories of reasoning.Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2019 - Thinking and Reasoning 25 (4):383-415.
    I present a critical discussion of dual-process theories of reasoning and decision making with particular attention to the nature and role of Type 2 processes. The original theory proposed...
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  37.  85
    In Two Minds: Dual Processes and Beyond.Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Keith Frankish (eds.) - 2009 - Oxford University Press.
    This book explores the idea that we have two minds - one automatic, unconscious, and fast, the other controlled, conscious, and slow. It brings together leading researchers on dual-process theory to summarize the state of the art highlight key issues, present different perspectives, and provide a stimulus to further work.
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  38.  44
    Data Misuse and Manipulation: Teaching New Scientists that Fudging the Data is Bad.Evan D. Morris, Jenna M. Sullivan & Anjelica L. Gonzalez - 2015 - Ethics in Biology, Engineering and Medicine 6 (1-2):1-16.
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  39.  48
    Some Curious Psychosensory Relationships.T. H. Evans - 1907 - The Monist 17 (1):128-138.
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  40. Matching Bias in Conditional Reasoning: Do We Understand it After 25 Years?Jonathan StB. T. Evans - 1998 - Thinking and Reasoning 4 (1):45-110.
    The phenomenon known as matching bias consists of a tendency to see cases as relevant in logical reasoning tasks when the lexical content of a case matches that of a propositional rule, normally a conditional, which applies to that case. Matching is demonstrated by use of the negations paradigm that is by using conditionals in which the presence and absence of negative components is systematically varied. The phenomenon was first published in 1972 and the present paper reviews the history of (...)
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  41. Questions and challenges for the new psychology of reasoning.Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2012 - Thinking and Reasoning 18 (1):5 - 31.
    In common with a number of other authors I believe that there has been a paradigm shift in the psychology of reasoning, specifically the area traditionally labelled as the study of deduction. The deduction paradigm was founded in a philosophical tradition that assumed logicality as the basis for rational thought, and provided binary propositional logic as the agreed normative framework. By contrast, many contemporary authors assume that people have degrees of uncertainty in both premises and conclusions, and reject binary logic (...)
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  42.  44
    Book Review Section 3. [REVIEW]Phil Francis Carspecken, Linda K. Johnsrud, Norman S. Kaufman, Robert Lowe, Harvey Kantor, Larry T. Mcgehee, Ian M. Evans & Michael Manley-Casimir - 1991 - Educational Studies 22 (1):110-142.
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  43.  60
    How and why we reason from is to ought.Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Shira Elqayam - 2020 - Synthese 197 (4):1429-1446.
    Originally identified by Hume, the validity of is–ought inference is much debated in the meta-ethics literature. Our work shows that inference from is to ought typically proceeds from contextualised, value-laden causal utility conditional, bridging into a deontic conclusion. Such conditional statements tell us what actions are needed to achieve or avoid consequences that are good or bad. Psychological research has established that people generally reason fluently and easily with utility conditionals. Our own research also has shown that people’s reasoning from (...)
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  44.  22
    Thinking and Reasoning: A Very Short Introduction.Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2017 - Oxford University Press.
    Thinking is the essence of what it means to be human and defines us more than anything else as a species. Jonathan Evans explores cognitive psychological approaches to understanding the nature of thinking and reasoning, problem solving, and decision making.
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  45. How many dual process theories do we need: one, two or many?Jonathan St B. T. Evans - 2009 - In Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Keith Frankish, In Two Minds: Dual Processes and Beyond. Oxford University Press.
  46.  35
    Suppositions, extensionality, and conditionals: A critique of the mental model theory of Johnson-Laird and Byrne (2002).Jonathan St B. T. Evans, David E. Over & Simon J. Handley - 2005 - Psychological Review 112 (4):1040-1052.
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  47. Beyond avatars and arrows: Testing the mentalizing and submentalizing hypotheses with a novel entity paradigm.Evan Westra, Brandon F. Terrizzi, Simon T. van Baal, Jonathan S. Beier & John Michael - forthcoming - Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology.
    In recent years, there has been a heated debate about how to interpret findings that seem to show that humans rapidly and automatically calculate the visual perspectives of others. In the current study, we investigated the question of whether automatic interference effects found in the dot-perspective task (Samson, Apperly, Braithwaite, Andrews, & Bodley Scott, 2010) are the product of domain-specific perspective-taking processes or of domain-general “submentalizing” processes (Heyes, 2014). Previous attempts to address this question have done so by implementing inanimate (...)
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  48. Rapid responding increases belief bias: Evidence for the dual-process theory of reasoning.Jonathan St B. T. Evans & Jodie Curtis-Holmes - 2005 - Thinking and Reasoning 11 (4):382 – 389.
    In this study, we examine the belief bias effect in syllogistic reasoning under both standard presentation and in a condition where participants are required to respond within 10 seconds. As predicted, the requirement for rapid responding increased the amount of belief bias observed on the task and reduced the number of logically correct decisions, both effects being substantial and statistically significant. These findings were predicted by the dual-process account of reasoning, which posits that fast heuristic processes, responsible for belief bias, (...)
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  49.  23
    Dislocation loops in diamond.T. Evans & C. Phaal - 1962 - Philosophical Magazine 7 (77):843-846.
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  50. Many, but one.Evan T. Woods - 2019 - Synthese 198 (Suppl 18):4609-4626.
    The problem of the many threatens to show that, in general, there are far more ordinary objects than you might have thought. I present and motivate a solution to this problem using many-one identity. According to this solution, the many things that seem to have what it takes to be, say, a cat, are collectively identical to that single cat.
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